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Laplace Transforms

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Who on earth was this Laplace and why did he invent Laplace Transform? Well, the story goes like The life of Pierre-Simon, Marquis de Laplace is only tangentially related to the topic of Control systems. Though after the development of Laplace transform it allowed Linear Differential Equations which approximate the behavior of the system. His method changed how we see control systems. By doing Laplace transformations we could get a system into algebraic equations which is easier to solve.  What does Laplace Transform do??? Let me tell you this in a very raw manner, It solves very complex problems in a very simple manner hence it is a key element to control systems. Block Diagram is very useful to be able to represent a system as a series of blocks with discrete inputs and outputs. In order for a model of a system to work, we must be able to express the behavior of a system mathematically and to represent the output of a system as a functio...

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Pressure Measurement (Part-1)

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What is Pressure Pressure is defined as force per unit area that a fluid exerts on its surroundings.  P = F/A Pressure, P, is a function of force, F, and area, A. The SI unit for pressure is the pascal (N/m 2 ), but other common units of pressure include pounds per square inch (psi), atmospheres (atm), bars, inches of mercury (in. Hg), millimetres of mercury (mm Hg), and torr. A pressure measurement can be described as either static or dynamic. The pressure in cases with no motion is static pressure. Examples of static pressure include the pressure of the air inside a balloon or water inside a basin. Often, the motion of a fluid changes the force applied to its surroundings. Many factors including flow, compressibility of the fluid, and external forces can affect pressure.  The three methods for measuring pressure are 1) Absolute 2) Gauge and  3) Differential Absolute Pressure The absolute measurement method is relative to 0 Pa, the static pressure in a vacuum. ...

Flow Measurement Basics

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     Flow measurement can be defined as the quantification of movement of a fluid . The flow measurement is assumed as the oldest recorded work in the instrumentation field. In industrial field, flow measurement is of great importance as from physiological processes to rocket science, the characteristic of flow is required.      Generally, flow is measured in two ways, volumetric basis and on the basis of weight. A flow of solids is usually measured in terms of mass per unit time or weight per unit time. Liquid flow is measured volumetrically or in the basis of weight. Gaseous flow is normally measured volumetrically. There are various methods used to measure the flow rate of steam, water, lubricants, air, etc. Categories Measuring the flow precisely where the accuracy of the analyzer depends on it. Measuring the flow where it is necessary to know the flow rate but it is not critical (e.g., fast loop flow) Checking that there is flow present but measur...

Definitions in maintenence

Common Definitions  1. Autonomous maintenence   A system which evaluate and up-grad itself is known as autonomous    maintenance.   2.      Bill of Materials (BOM) :   A bill of materials (sometimes bill of material or BOM) is a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components, parts and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product. For example: Creating a Bill of Materials should include: BOM Level Part Number Part Name Phase Description Quantity Unit of Measure Procurement Type Reference Designators BOM Notes.       3 .  Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) :   A system maintain and manage by computers it is known as computerized maintenance management system. 4.   Corrective Maintenance :   Corrective maintenance is a maintenance task performed to identify, isolate, and rectify a fault so that the fai...